5/28/2023 0 Comments Purebasic elapsed timeIn the present experiments, within‐session resurgence was generated repeatedly by dividing individual sessions into three phases (Training, Alternative‐Reinforcement, and Resurgence‐Test). Resurgence is a reliable, transient effect that only occasionally is replicated more than once within a single experiment or subject. Therefore, the present findings introduce novel methods and quantitative analyses for assessing behavioral processes underlying resurgence. The data were well described by an extension of a stimulus-control model of discrimination that assumes resurgence is the result of generalization of obtained reinforcers across space and time. Furthermore, resurgence was greater and/or sooner when probes were signaled, suggesting an important role of discriminating transitions to extinction in resurgence. We observed resurgence of target responding during signaled and unsignaled probes that extended trial durations an additional 100 s in extinction. Target and alternative responding followed the baseline reinforcement contingencies, with alternative responding replacing target responding across the 50 s. During the first 25 s, we reinforced target (left-key) responding but not alternative (right-key) responding contingencies reversed during the second 25 s. Baseline entailed 50-s trials of a free-operant psychophysical procedure, resembling Phases 1 and 2 of typical resurgence procedures. This study assessed resurgence more dynamically and throughout ongoing training in 6 pigeons. Because each phase typically occurs successively and spans multiple sessions, extended time frames separate the training and resurgence of target responding. Resurgence is typically studied across three phases: (1) reinforcement of a target response, (2) extinction of the target and concurrent reinforcement of an alternative response, and (3) extinction of the alternative response, resulting in the recurrence of target responding. Resurgence provides insight into behavioral processes relevant to treatment relapse of a range of problem behaviors. Resurgence is the recurrence of a previously reinforced and then extinguished behavior induced by the extinction of another more recently reinforced behavior.
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